Listing description
Palm kernel oil is an edible plant oil derived from
the kernel of the oil palm Elaeis guineensis.[1] It should not be confused with the other two edible oils
derived from palm fruits:coconut oil, extracted from the kernel of the
coconut, and palm oil, extracted
from the pulp of the oil palm fruit.
Detailed description
Palm kernel oil,
coconut oil, and palm oil are three of the few highly saturated vegetable fats;
these oils give the name to the 16-carbon saturated fatty acid palmitic acid that
they contain.
Palm kernel oil,
which is semi-solid at room temperature, is more saturated
than palm oil and comparable to coconut oil. It is commonly used in commercial
cooking because of its relatively low cost, and because it remains stable at
high cooking temperatures and can be stored longer than other vegetable oils.
History
Oil from the African
oil palm Elaeis guineensis has long been recognized in West African countries. European
merchants trading with West Africa occasionally purchased palm oil for use in Europe, but palm kernel oil remained rare outside West
Africa.[3]
The USDA has published
historical production figures for palm kernel oil for years beginning October 1
and ending September 30:[4]
|
Year
|
Production,
Million Tonne |
|
2008–09
|
11.75
|
|
2009–10
|
12.22
|
|
2010–11
|
12.55
|
|
2011–12
|
13.28
|
Research institutions
In the 1960s,
research and development (R&D) in oil palm breeding began to expand after
Malaysia's Department of Agriculture established an exchange program with West
African economies and four private plantations formed the Oil Palm Genetics
Laboratory.[5] The Malaysian
government also established Kolej Serdang, which became the Universiti
Pertanian Malaysia (UPM) in the 1970s to train agricultural and agroindustrial
engineers and agribusiness graduates to conduct research in the field.
In 1979 with support
from the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) and
UPM, the government set up the Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia (Porim),[6] a
public-and-private-coordinated institution.[clarification needed] B.C. Sekhar was appointed
founder and chairman. Porim's scientists work in oil palm tree breeding, palm
oil nutrition and potential oleochemical use.
Porim was renamed Malaysian Palm Oil
Board in 2000.
Nutrition
Palm kernel oil,
similarly to coconut oil, is high in saturated fats and is more
saturated than palm oil.[7] Palm kernel oil is
high in lauric acid which
has been shown to raise blood cholesterol levels, both as LDL-C (cholesterol
contained in low-density lipoprotein) and HDL-C (cholesterol contained in high-density
lipoprotein).[8] Palm kernel oil does
not contain cholesterol or trans fatty acids.[9]
Palm kernel oil is
commonly used in commercial cooking because it is lower in cost than other oils
and remains stable at high cooking temperatures. The oil can also be stored
longer than other vegetable oils.[9][10]
The approximate
concentration of fatty acids (FAs) in palm kernel oil is as follows:[11]
|
Fatty acid content of palm kernel oil
|
||||
|
Type of
fatty acid
|
pct
|
|||
|
|
48.2%
|
|||
|
|
16.2%
|
|||
|
|
8.4%
|
|||
|
|
3.4%
|
|||
|
|
3.3%
|
|||
|
|
2.5%
|
|||
|
|
15.3%
|
|||
|
|
2.3%
|
|||
|
Other/Unknown
|
|
0.4%
|
||
|
red: Saturated; orange: Monounsaturated; blue: Polyunsaturated
|
||||
Uses
Splitting of oils
and fats by hydrolysis, or under basic
conditions saponification, yields fatty acids, with glycerin
(glycerol) as a byproduct. The split-off fatty acids are a mixture ranging from
C4 to C18, depending on the type of oil/fat.[12][13]
Resembling coconut
oil, palm kernel oil is packed with myristic and lauric fatty
acids and therefore suitable for the manufacture of soaps, washing powders and personal care products. Lauric acid is
important in soap making: a good soap must contain at least 15 per cent laurate
for quick lathering, while soap made for use in sea water is based on virtually 100
per cent laurate.[14]
Derivatives of
palmitic acid were used in combination with naphtha during World War II to produce napalm (aluminum naphthenate and aluminum palmitate).
1 KG,2KG AND 5KG
PRICE
$1.10/KG
For more information:
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contact person: emeaba uche
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